»°Ëµ£¡È«·½Î»Ì¬ÊƸÐÖªÔÚÕþÆó²àÔõÑùÂ䵨ÔËÓã¿£¿£¿

Ðû²¼Ê±¼ä 2018-03-30

ÍøÂçÇå¾²Ì¬ÊÆ¸ÐÖª£¨SituationalAwareness£©±»ÏµÍ³»¯ÒýÈëµ½ÐÅÏ¢ÊÖÒÕÇå¾²ÁìÓòÀ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ïà¶Ô³ÉÊìµÄÓ¦Óõ±ÊôÃÀ¹ú°®Òò˹̹ÍýÏëÁË¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÔçÔÚ2003Ä꣬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬°®Òò˹̹ÍýÏëÖÐÌ¬ÊÆ¸ÐÖª±»Ìá³öµÄÄ¿µÄÊÇÈá°ÅÌËã»úϵͳÄܹ»×Ô¶¯µØÍøÂç¡¢¹ØÁª¡¢ÆÊÎöºÍ¹²ÏíÃÀ¹úÁª°îº£ÄÚÕþ¸®Ö®¼äµÄÅÌËã»úÇå¾²ÐÅÏ¢£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬´Ó¶øÊ¹µÃ¸÷Áª°î»ú¹¹Äܹ»¿¿½üʵʱµØ¸ÐÖªÆäÍøÂç»ù´¡ÉèÊ©ÃæÁÙµÄÍþв¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡±ÆäÉè¼Æ³õÖ¾ÊÇÄܹ»¶ÔÍøÂçÍþвÐγɸÐÖªºÍÔ¤ÅУ¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Õâ¾ÍΪÒÔºóÍøÂçÇå¾²Ì¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ϵͳµÄÕûÌ廯ÔË×÷¶¨ÁË»ùµ÷¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
 
Ëæ×Åʱ¼äµÄÍÆÒÆ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎÒ¹úÔÚÐÅÏ¢ÁìÓò¸÷¸ö·½ÃæÈ¡µÃ·ÉËÙµÄǰ½ø£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÔÚÏà¼Ì³ǫ̈µÄ¡¶ÍøÂçÇå¾²·¨¡·ºÍ¡¶¹ú¼ÒÍøÂç¿Õ¼äÇå¾²Õ½ÂÔ¡·µÈÏà¹ØÖ´ÂÉÀýÔòÖ®ºó£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÓÈÆäÊǹú¼ÒÏòµ¼ÈËÔÚ¡°4¡¤19½²»°ÖС±Ìáµ½µÄ¡°È«ÌìºòÈ«·½Î»¸ÐÖªÍøÂçÇå¾²Ì¬ÊÆ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Öª¼ºÖª±Ë£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²Å»ª°ÙÕ½²»´ù¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÕþÆó²à¶ÔÍøÂçÇå¾²µÄÉîÌõÀí·À»¤Ò²Ìá³öÁËÏìÓ¦µÄÐèÇ󣬣¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ì¬ÊƸÐÖª±»¸÷ÕþÆó²àÓû§ÕýʽÌáÉÏÁËÒéÊÂÈճ̡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
 
¿´×ÅÕþÆó²àÌ¬ÊÆ¸ÐÖª½¨ÉèÉϵÄÈÈÇ飬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÄÑÃâÒý·¢ÎÒÃÇÏëµ½¡°ÔõôÑùµÄÌ¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ϵͳ²ÅÊǺõÄϵͳ¡±¡¢¡°ÔõÑù²Å»ªÔËÓªºÃÌ¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ϵͳ¡±¡°ÔõÑùÔÚÍøÂçÉϵÄÇå¾²Êý¾ÝÐγɶÔÈ«ÍøµÄÇå¾²ÐÎÊÆÑÐÅС±µÈһϵÁÐ˼Ë÷¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ö»Óн¨ÉèºÃÌ¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ϵͳ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²Å»ª×ÊÖúÍòÀû¹ú¼Ê¹ÙÍø¾öÒéÕßÃÇ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÒÀÍÐÕâ¸öƽ̨ÐγÉÍþв±Õ»·ÖÎÀíºÍ¾öÒéÁ´ÖÎÀí¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Òò´Ë£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬×÷Ϊº£ÄÚΨÖðÒ»¼Ò½øÈëGartnerSIEMħÁ¦ÏóÏÞµÄÐÅÏ¢Çå¾²²úÆ·ÌṩÉÌ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎÒÃÇÓÐÐëÒª´Óϵͳ»¯½¨ÉèÌ¬ÊÆ¸ÐÖªµÄ½Ç¶È£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎªÕâЩսÂÔ¿Í»§¡¢¸÷´óÐÐÒµ¡¢´óÐÍÆóÒµµÄÌ¬ÊÆ¸ÐÖªÏîÄ¿½¨ÉèÌṩһЩ½¨æÅºÍ×ÊÖú¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
 
È«ÌìºòÈ«·½Î»µÄÌ¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ƽ̨½¨É裬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²»ÊÇÒ»õí¶ø¾ÍµÄ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Ò»¸öÌ¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ϵͳ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬´ÓÏîÄ¿Á¢ÏǰÆÚµ÷ÑУ¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬µ½¼Æ»®Â䵨£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÔÙµ½°²ÅÅʵÑ飬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬×îºóµ½ÔËӪά»¤£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÊÇÐèÒª¿çÔ½Ò»¸ö½ÏÁ¿³¤µÄÖÜÆÚµÄ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÔÚÎÒÃÇ¿´À´£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Òª×öµ½ÕæÕýµÄÈ«·½Î»Ì¬ÊƸÐÖªµÄÂ䵨£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÖÁÉÙÐèÒª´ÓÒÔϼ¸¸ö·½ÃæÈëÊÖ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
 
Ê×ÏÈ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Õû¸öƽ̨Ҫ¾¡¿ÉÄÜÖÜÈ«µÄÊÕÂÞËùÓÐÇå¾²ÒªËØÐÅÏ¢¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
 
ÈËÀàÆÊÎöÎÊÌâͨ³£»£»£»£»£»£»£»£»á»ùÓÚÏßË÷Õö¿ª£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Òò´Ë£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ì¬ÊƸÐ֪ƽ̨ÔÚ¾ÙÐÐÌ¬ÊÆµÄÃ÷È·ºÍÆÊÎöʱ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ò²ÊÇ»ùÓÚÕâÑùµÄÔ­Àí¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Ò»Ì×Ì¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ƽ̨ÐèÒª´ó×ÚµÄÇå¾²ÒªËØÔ­Ê¼ÐÅÏ¢£¨ÏßË÷£©Ö§³Ö£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬½ö½öÖ»ÊÕÂÞÇå¾²×°±¸±¬·¢µÄÖÖÖÖÈÕÖ¾ÊÂÎñÊDz»·óµÄ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎªÁËÄܹ»×öµ½×·×ÙËÝÔ´£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎÒÃÇ»¹ÐèÒªÊÕÂÞ¸ü¶àµÄÓÐÓÃÐÅÏ¢¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÎªÁËÕÆÎÕ×ʲúÌ¬ÊÆ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÐèÒªÊÕÂÞ×ʲúÒªËØÐÅÏ¢Èç×ʲúÀàÐÍ¡¢ÏµÍ³°æ±¾¡¢×ʲú¹éÊôµÈ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÎªÁËÕÆÎÕÓªÒµÔËÐÐÌ¬ÊÆ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÐèÒªÊÕÂÞ×°±¸ÔËÐÐÈÕÖ¾¡¢ÍøÂçÔËÐÐÈÕÖ¾¡¢ÓªÒµÏµÍ³ÐÔÄÜÈÕÖ¾µÈ£»£»£»£»£»£»£»£»ÎªÁ˲¹È«¹¥»÷Á´Ìõ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¸ü׼ȷµÄ×öµ½¹¥»÷Á´»¹Ô­£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎÒÃÇ»¹ÐèÒªÊÕÂÞÁ÷Á¿ÐÅÏ¢À´¾ÙÐÐÁ÷Á¿ÐÐΪÆÊÎö¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£

ËäÈ»£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎÞÂÛʲôÑùµÄÌ¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ƽ̨£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÈôÊÇÄܹ»ÒÀ¸½¶àÄêÀ´µÄÊÖÒÕ»ýÀÛ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Äܹ»ÐγÉÒ»¸ö¿ª·ÅÐÔµÄÐÅÏ¢ÊÕÂÞÆ½Ì¨ÊÇ×îºÃ²»¹ýµÄ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Ö»ÓлùÓÚ¿ª·ÅÐÔ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Æ½Ì¨Äܹ»ÍøÂçÍøÂçÄÚÖÖÖÖӪҵϵͳºÍÇå¾²×°±¸µÄÈÕÖ¾¡¢ÔËÐÐÐÅÏ¢¡¢×ʲúÐÅÏ¢²Å¾ß±¸¾öÒéµÄȨÍþÐÔ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Á¬ÏµÏµÍ³×Ô¼ºÇ¿Ê¢µÄ·¶Ê½»¯ÄÜÁ¦£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¿ÉÒÔÎÞаÀ©Õ¹ÐµÄÊÕÂÞÔ´ÄÜÁ¦£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¾ÍÄܹ»ÎªÇå¾²ÒªËØµÄÖÜÈ«ÍøÂçµÓÚ¨ÔúʵµÄ»ù´¡¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
 
ÈçÏÂͼËùʾ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Æäƽ̨µÄ¿ª·ÅÐÔ°üÀ¨µÄ¶Ô×ʲú·¢Ã÷µÄÖÖÖÖÐÅÏ¢½ÓÈë¡¢ÔËÐÐÊý¾ÝÊÕÂÞµÄÊý¾Ý½ÓÈë¡¢Îó²îÇ鱨¡¢ÍþвÇ鱨¡¢¹¥»÷Êý¾ÝµÈÐÅÏ¢½ÓÈ룬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÓÐÕâЩÊÖÒÕÊý¾ÝÔ´µÄÖ§³Ö£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ì¬ÊƸÐ֪ƽ̨²ÅÓÐ×ã¹»µÄÆÊÎöÍþвµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²Å¾ß±¸¶ÔÍþвµÄÓÐÓÃÈ·ÈÏÓ붨λµÄÄÜÁ¦¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£

 

ÍòÀû¹ú¼Ê¹ÙÍø(ÖйúÓÎ)ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾
Ì¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ƽ̨µÄÈ«ÒªËØÊÕÂ޽ṹ

 

Æä´Î£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Õû¸öƽ̨Ҫ´Ó¹¥·ÀÊÓ½ÇÀ´¾ÙÐÐÍþв¼ì²âºÍ·¢Ã÷¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£


ÕýËùν¡°Öª¼ºÖª±Ë¡¢°ÙÕ½²»´ù¡±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬µ±ÎÒÃÇÄܹ»Ìáǰ»ñÖª¹¥»÷ÕߵĹ¥»÷ÊֶΡ¢¹¥»÷Ä¿µÄ¡¢¹¥»÷¹¤¾ß¡¢Ê¹ÓõÄÎó²îÐÅÏ¢µÈÇ鱨£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¾ÍÄܹ»¶Ô¹¥»÷Õß¾ÙÐл­Ïñ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¸üºÃµÄ×ÊÖúÎÒÃǾÙÐÐÍþвÆÊÎö¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Òò´Ë£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ì¬ÊƸÐ֪ƽ̨±ØÐè¾ß±¸ÎÞаÔËÓÃÍþвÇ鱨µÄÄÜÁ¦£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Õâ¸öÍþвÇ鱨²»µ«´ÓÄÚ²¿Äܹ»±¬·¢²¢ÇÒÐγÉÇ鱨ת»¯£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Í¬Ê±£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÓÖÄܹ»ÏûºÄÍⲿµÚÈý·½ÍþвÇ鱨£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÓÉ´ËÐγÉÒ»Ì×½ÏÁ¿³ÉÊìµÄÍþвÇ鱨ÔËÓÃÁ´Ìõ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬´Ó¶ø¿ÉÒÔΪÓû§Ìṩ¾«×¼¿ìÊܵÄÍþвÅбðºÍ×Ô˳Ӧ·ÀÓù¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
 
ƾ֤ÎÒÃǶàÄêµÄÂÄÀú·¢Ã÷£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÍþвÇ鱨µÄÊý¾Ý»ýÀÛÍùÍùÀë²»¿ª³ÁµíºÍµ¼ÈëÁ½²¿·Ö×é³É£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬³ÁµíÊÇÖ¸ÔÚÍøÂç¹¥·ÀÑо¿ÖÐËù»ýÀ۵Ĺ¥·ÀÂÄÀúºÍ¹¥·ÀÊý¾Ý£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÔÚÒÑÍùµÄ¶þÊ®ÄêÀ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎÒÃÇͨ¹ýÆð¾¢·ÀÓùʵÑéÊÒ£¨ADLab£©»ýÔÜÁË´ó×ÚµÄԭʼ¹¥·ÀÊý¾Ý¡¢0-dayÎó²îÊý¾ÝµÈ»ù´¡ÐÅÏ¢£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬½ö2017Ä꣬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ADLab·¢Ã÷Ô­´´Îó²î¶à´ï400Óà¸ö£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬È«ÑÇÖÞÅÅÃûµÚÒ»£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Îó²îÁýÕÖWindows¡¢Linux¡¢UnixµÈ²Ù×÷ϵͳ¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
 

ÔٴΣ¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Õû¸öƽ̨ҪÄÜÌṩÓÐÓõÄÏìÓ¦´¦Öóͷ£ÊֶΡ£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
 
ÎÒÃÇÒÔΪ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Í¨¹ýÌ¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ƽ̨½¨Éè¿ÉÒÔΪ¿Í»§´´Á¢¼ÛÖµµÄÁÁµãºÜÊǶ࣬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÆäÖÐÕë¶ÔÍøÂçÖмì²âµ½Íþвºó£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¾ÙÐÐÍþв±Õ»·£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬¾ÍÊǺÜÊÇÖµµÃÓû§¹Ø×¢µÄ½¹µã¼ÛÖµÖ®Ò»¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£ÎÒÃǼᶨÒÔΪ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ò»Ì×ÍêÕûµÄÌ¬ÊÆ¸ÐÖª½»¸¶Æ½Ì¨£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ó¦¸Ã¾ß±¸ÅäÌ×ÊÂÎñµÄÏìÓ¦ºÍ´¦Öóͷ£Á÷³Ì£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ö»ÓÐͨ¹ý´¦Öóͷ££¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²ÅÊÇÕæÕýÒâÒåÉϵÄÍþв±Õ»·¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Òò´Ë£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬´ÓÌ¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ƽ̨Éè¼ÆÖ®³õ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎÒÃǾÍÔÚÆ½Ì¨ÖУ¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÄÚǶÁËÍþвµÄÔ¤¾¯¡¢¸æ¾¯ºÍÏìÓ¦´¦Öóͷ£Ä£¿£¿£¿é£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬À´×ÊÖúÓû§ÍêÉÆÏßÉÏ´¦Öóͷ£µÄЧÂÊ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Àí˳Íþв±Õ»·µÄÊÂÇéÁ÷£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎªÇå¾²ÓªÒµµÄÎȹÌÔËÓªÌṩ°ü¹Ü¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
 

×îºó£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Õû¸öƽ̨±ØÐèÁ¬ÏµÇ徲ЧÀÍ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²Å»ªÊµÏÖÓû§ÍøÂçµÄÇå¾²°ü¹Ü¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
 
ÎÒÃÇÒÔΪ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÔÚ½¨ÉèÌ¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ƽ̨ʱ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ó¦¸Ã³ä·Ö˼Á¿Ç徲ЧÀ͵ÄÄÜÁ¦×¼±¸£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ö»ÓÐ×ÊÖúÓû§½¨Éè³ÉϵͳµÄÇ徲ЧÀÍ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²Å»ªÓÐÓõØÏìÓ¦Çå¾²ÊÂÎñ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬²Å»ªÕæÕýÈÃÌ¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ƽ̨ʩչ³öÓ¦ÓеÄЧ¹û¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£Æ¾Ö¤ÂÄÀú£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ç徲ЧÀÍÄÜÁ¦Ö»ÊǰüÀ¨£ºÊÂÎñÆÊÎöÄÜÁ¦¡¢¹¥·ÀÉøÍ¸ÄÜÁ¦¡¢Å³ÈõÐÔ¼ì²âÄÜÁ¦¡¢Î£º¦ÆÀ¹ÀÄÜÁ¦µÈ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Îª´Ë£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎÒÃÇÒ²Äܹ»Ìṩ¶àÖÖÇ徲ЧÀͺÍÇå¾²Åàѵ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬×ÊÖúÓû§¹¹½¨×ÔÉíµÄÇå¾²°ü¹ÜְԱϵͳ£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÈÃÓû§Äܹ»ÕæÕýÓúÃÌ¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ƽ̨£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬×ÊÖúÓû§×öµ½Ì¬ÊƸÐ֪ƽ̨µÄÕæÕýÂ䵨¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£
 

ÍòÀû¹ú¼Ê¹ÙÍø(ÖйúÓÎ)ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾

Ì©ºÏЧÀÍÍŶÓÄÜÁ¦



 ÖÕÉÏËùÊö£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÎÒÃÇÏ£Íûͨ¹ýÍøÂçÈ«·½Î»Ì¬ÊƸÐÖªÔÚÕþÆó²àÂ䵨ÔËÓõÄ˼Ë÷£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Äܹ»Îª¿í´óÓû§ÔÚ½¨ÉèÇå¾²Ì¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ƽ̨֮³õÌṩһЩ×ÊÖú£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬Ï£Íû¸÷È˵ÄÌ¬ÊÆ¸Ð֪ƽ̨½¨ÉèÄÜÓëµ³µÄÄ¿µÄÕþ²ßËùÖ¸ÒýµÄÆ«Ïò½»ÏàºôÓ¦£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÄÜ˳ӦÇå¾²Êý¾Ý´óʱ´úµÄ³±Á÷£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬£¬ÄÜΪ¹¹½¨Ò»¸öÔ½·¢½áʵÕþÆó²àÇå¾²±ÚÀÝÌíש¼ÓÍß¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£¡£